Cervical screening is a simple and effective test that helps prevent cervical cancer. It is one of the most successful cancer prevention programmes available and saves thousands of lives every year.
Regular cervical screening can identify changes in the cells of the cervix before they develop into cancer, allowing treatment to be provided early when needed.
What is Cervical Screening?
Cervical screening (previously known as a smear test) checks for the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), the virus responsible for most cases of cervical cancer.
If high-risk HPV is found, the sample is checked for any abnormal cell changes that may require monitoring or treatment.
The test is carried out by a trained healthcare professional and usually takes only a few minutes.
Who Should Attend Cervical Screening?
In England, cervical screening is offered routinely to women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 64.
Current screening intervals are:
- Ages 25 to 49: Every 5 years (following the introduction of HPV primary screening)
- Ages 50 to 64: Every 5 years
You will receive an invitation when your screening is due.
Why is Cervical Screening Important?
Cervical screening is not a test for cancer; it is a test that helps prevent cancer from developing.
Regular screening can:
- Detect high-risk HPV
- Identify abnormal cell changes before they become cancerous
- Reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer
- Provide reassurance when results are normal
Most people who attend screening will receive a normal result.
What Happens During the Appointment?
During the appointment:
- A nurse or healthcare professional will explain the procedure.
- A small instrument called a speculum is gently inserted into the vagina to allow the cervix to be seen.
- A soft brush is used to collect a sample of cells from the cervix.
- The sample is sent to a laboratory for testing.
The procedure is usually quick and should not be painful, although some people may find it uncomfortable.
Common Concerns About Cervical Screening
"I feel embarrassed."
Healthcare professionals perform cervical screening regularly and are trained to help you feel comfortable and respected throughout the appointment.
"I don't have symptoms, so I don't need screening."
Cervical screening is designed to identify potential problems before symptoms develop.
"I'm not currently sexually active."
If you have ever been sexually active, attending cervical screening remains important.
"I'm worried it will hurt."
Many people experience mild discomfort rather than pain. If you have concerns, please speak to the healthcare professional performing the test.
Symptoms That Should Not Be Ignored
Even if you are up to date with cervical screening, you should contact the practice if you experience:
- Unusual vaginal bleeding
- Bleeding after sex
- Bleeding between periods
- Unusual vaginal discharge
- Persistent pelvic pain
- Pain during sex
These symptoms do not necessarily indicate cancer, but they should always be assessed.
The HPV Vaccination Programme
The HPV vaccine helps protect against the types of HPV responsible for most cervical cancers.
The vaccine is routinely offered through the NHS vaccination programme and is an important way of reducing the risk of cervical cancer in the future.
However, vaccinated individuals should still attend cervical screening when invited.
How We Can Help
Our practice encourages everyone who is eligible to attend cervical screening when invited.
We understand that some people may feel anxious about the appointment, and our team is here to support you.
If you:
- Have missed a screening appointment
- Are overdue for screening
- Feel nervous about attending
- Have questions about cervical screening
Please contact the practice and we will be happy to help.
Cervical screening saves lives. If you have received an invitation, please book your appointment and attend when due.